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A spherical segment is the solid defined by cutting a sphere with a pair of parallel planes. It can be thought of as a spherical cap with the top truncated, and so it ...

A split graph is a graph whose vertices can be partitioned into a clique and an independent vertex set. Equivalently, it is a chordal graph whose graph complement is also ...

A square pyramid is a pyramid with a square base. It is a pentahedron. The lateral edge length e and slant height s of a right square pyramid of side length a and height h ...

The Stammler circles are the three circles (apart from the circumcircle), that intercept the sidelines of a reference triangle DeltaABC in chords of lengths equal to the ...

A two-dimensional map also called the Taylor-Greene-Chirikov map in some of the older literature and defined by I_(n+1) = I_n+Ksintheta_n (1) theta_(n+1) = theta_n+I_(n+1) ...

A stochastic matrix, also called a probability matrix, probability transition matrix, transition matrix, substitution matrix, or Markov matrix, is matrix used to characterize ...

A sum-product number is a number n such that the sum of n's digits times the product of n's digit is n itself, for example 135=(1+3+5)(1·3·5). (1) Obviously, such a number ...

There are two definitions of the supersingular primes: one group-theoretic, and the other number-theoretic. Group-theoretically, let Gamma_0(N) be the modular group Gamma0, ...

A surface (or "space") of section, also called a Poincaré section (Rasband 1990, pp. 7 and 93-94), is a way of presenting a trajectory in n-dimensional phase space in an ...

In the early 1960s, B. Birch and H. P. F. Swinnerton-Dyer conjectured that if a given elliptic curve has an infinite number of solutions, then the associated L-series has ...