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The Knuth-Bendix completion algorithm attempts to transform a finite set of identities into a finitely terminating, confluent term rewriting system whose reductions preserve ...

A 4-state two-dimensional Turing machine invented in the 1980s. The ant starts out on a grid containing black and white cells, and then follows the following set of rules. 1. ...

The numerical value of ln10 is given by ln10=2.302585092994045684... (OEIS A002392). It was computed to 10^(11) decimal digits by S. Kondo on May 20, 2011 (Yee). The Earls ...

The Pell numbers are the numbers obtained by the U_ns in the Lucas sequence with P=2 and Q=-1. They correspond to the Pell polynomial P_n(x) and Fibonacci polynomial F_n(x) ...

Poker is a card game played with a normal deck of 52 cards. Sometimes, additional cards called "jokers" are also used. In straight or draw poker, each player is normally ...

A sequence produced by the instructions "reverse, add to the original, then sort the digits." For example, after 668, the next iteration is given by 668+866=1534, so the next ...

The regular hexagon is the regular polygon with six sides, as illustrated above. The inradius r, circumradius R, sagitta s, and area A of a regular hexagon can be computed ...

The resolution principle, due to Robinson (1965), is a method of theorem proving that proceeds by constructing refutation proofs, i.e., proofs by contradiction. This method ...

The Rhind papyrus is a famous document from the Egyptian Middle Kingdom that dates to 1650 BC. It was purchased by Henry Rhind in Egypt in 1858, and placed in the British ...

Roundoff error is the difference between an approximation of a number used in computation and its exact (correct) value. In certain types of computation, roundoff error can ...