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The vercosine, written vercos(z) and also known as the "versed cosine," is a little-used trigonometric function defined by vercos(z) = 2cos^2(1/2z) (1) = 1+cosz, (2) where ...

Let f_n(z) be a sequence of functions, each regular in a region D, let |f_n(z)|<=M for every n and z in D, and let f_n(z) tend to a limit as n->infty at a set of points ...

The generalized law of sines applies to a simplex in space of any dimension with constant Gaussian curvature. Let us work up to that. Initially in two-dimensional space, we ...

The Riemann-Siegel formula is a formula discovered (but not published) by Riemann for computing an asymptotic formula for the Riemann-Siegel function theta(t). The formula ...

A measure lambda is absolutely continuous with respect to another measure mu if lambda(E)=0 for every set with mu(E)=0. This makes sense as long as mu is a positive measure, ...

Let n be an integer variable which tends to infinity and let x be a continuous variable tending to some limit. Also, let phi(n) or phi(x) be a positive function and f(n) or ...

There are three types of boundary conditions commonly encountered in the solution of partial differential equations: 1. Dirichlet boundary conditions specify the value of the ...

Dirichlet's principle, also known as Thomson's principle, states that there exists a function u that minimizes the functional D[u]=int_Omega|del u|^2dV (called the Dirichlet ...

The second-order ordinary differential equation y^('')+2xy^'-2ny=0, (1) whose solutions may be written either y=Aerfc_n(x)+Berfc_n(-x), (2) where erfc_n(x) is the repeated ...

The extangents circle is the circumcircle of the extangents triangle. Its center function is a complicated 9th-order polynomial and its circle function is a complicated ...