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The haversine, also called the haversed sine, is a little-used entire trigonometric function defined by hav(z) = 1/2vers(z) (1) = 1/2(1-cosz) (2) = sin^2(1/2z), (3) where ...

The quintuple product identity, also called the Watson quintuple product identity, states (1) It can also be written (2) or (3) The quintuple product identity can be written ...

The floor function |_x_|, also called the greatest integer function or integer value (Spanier and Oldham 1987), gives the largest integer less than or equal to x. The name ...

A statistical distribution whose variables can take on only discrete values. Abramowitz and Stegun (1972, p. 929) give a table of the parameters of most common discrete ...

The Fourier cosine transform of a real function is the real part of the full complex Fourier transform, F_x^((c))[f(x)](k) = R[F_x[f(x)](k)] (1) = ...

A continuous transformation from one function to another. A homotopy between two functions f and g from a space X to a space Y is a continuous map G from X×[0,1]|->Y such ...

An integrating factor is a function by which an ordinary differential equation can be multiplied in order to make it integrable. For example, a linear first-order ordinary ...

Let phi_x^((k)) denote the recursive function of k variables with Gödel number x, where (1) is normally omitted. Then if g is a partial recursive function, there exists an ...

A theorem, also called the iteration theorem, that makes use of the lambda notation introduced by Church. Let phi_x^((k)) denote the recursive function of k variables with ...

Strang's strange figures are the figures produced by plotting a periodic function f(z) as a function of an integer argument n for n=1, 2, .... Unexpected patterns and ...