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In order to integrate a function over a complicated domain D, Monte Carlo integration picks random points over some simple domain D^' which is a superset of D, checks whether ...

Montgomery's pair correlation conjecture, published in 1973, asserts that the two-point correlation function R_2(r) for the zeros of the Riemann zeta function zeta(z) on the ...

An orthodiagonal quadrangle is a quadrangle whose diagonals are perpendicular to each other. If a, b, c, and d are the sides of a quadrangle, then this quadrangle is ...

According to G. Pólya, the method of finding geometric objects by intersection. 1. For example, the centers of all circles tangent to a straight line s at a given point P lie ...

The eighth proposition in the third book of the Elements is one of Euclid's most complex propositions. It shows that a segment through an outside point D and a circle is ...

For a permutation alpha in the symmetric group S_p, the alpha-permutation graph of a labeled graph G is the graph union of two disjoint copies of G (say, G_1 and G_2), ...

The perpendicular bisector of a line segment is the locus of all points that are equidistant from its endpoints. This theorem can be applied to determine the center of a ...

The principal theorem of axonometry, first published without proof by Pohlke in 1860. It states that three segments of arbitrary length a^'x^', a^'y^', and a^'z^' which are ...

An elementary theorem in geometry whose name means "asses' bridge," perhaps in reference to the fact that fools would be unable to pass this point in their geometric studies. ...

The path traced out by a fixed point at a radius b>a, where a is the radius of a rolling circle, also sometimes called an extended cycloid. The prolate cycloid contains ...