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The vector space generated by the columns of a matrix viewed as vectors. The column space of an n×m matrix A with real entries is a subspace generated by m elements of R^n, ...

A plane partition whose solid Ferrers diagram is invariant under the rotation which cyclically permutes the x-, y-, and z-axes. Macdonald's plane partition conjecture gives a ...

Darboux's formula is a theorem on the expansion of functions in infinite series and essentially consists of integration by parts on a specific integrand product of functions. ...

Division by zero is the operation of taking the quotient of any number x and 0, i.e., x/0. The uniqueness of division breaks down when dividing by zero, since the product ...

A univariate function f(x) is said to be even provided that f(x)=f(-x). Geometrically, such functions are symmetric about the y-axis. Examples of even functions include 1 ...

A generalized Vandermonde matrix of two sequences a and b where a is an increasing sequence of positive integers and b is an increasing sequence of nonnegative integers of ...

Given two modules M and N over a unit ring R, Hom_R(M,N) denotes the set of all module homomorphisms from M to N. It is an R-module with respect to the addition of maps, ...

A differential ideal is an ideal I in the ring of smooth forms on a manifold M. That is, it is closed under addition, scalar multiplication, and wedge product with an ...

The l^2-norm (also written "l^2-norm") |x| is a vector norm defined for a complex vector x=[x_1; x_2; |; x_n] (1) by |x|=sqrt(sum_(k=1)^n|x_k|^2), (2) where |x_k| on the ...

An ordering for the Cartesian product × of any two sets A and B with order relations <A and <B, respectively, such that if (a_1,b_1) and (a_2,b_2) both belong to A×B, then ...