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A block diagonal matrix, also called a diagonal block matrix, is a square diagonal matrix in which the diagonal elements are square matrices of any size (possibly even 1×1), ...

A dot plot, also called a dot chart, is a type of simple histogram-like chart used in statistics for relatively small data sets where values fall into a number of discrete ...

An International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a code used to uniquely identify a book together. It also uniquely encodes the book's publisher and includes information about ...

The negadecimal representation of a number n is its representation in base -10 (i.e., base negative 10). It is therefore given by the coefficients a_na_(n-1)...a_1a_0 in n = ...

A formula for the permanent of a matrix perm(a_(ij))=(-1)^nsum_(s subset= {1,...,n})(-1)^(|s|)product_(i=1)^nsum_(j in s)a_(ij), where the sum is over all subsets of ...

The negabinary representation of a number n is its representation in base -2 (i.e., base negative 2). It is therefore given by the coefficients a_na_(n-1)...a_1a_0 in n = ...

A sum-free set S is a set for which the intersection of S and the sumset S+S is empty. For example, the sum-free sets of {1,2,3} are emptyset, {1}, {2}, {3}, {1,3}, and ...

A tree with its nodes labeled. The number of labeled trees on n nodes is n^(n-2), the first few values of which are 1, 1, 3, 16, 125, 1296, ... (OEIS A000272). Cayley (1889) ...

Two algebraic objects that are commutative, i.e., A and B such that A*B=B*A for some operation *, are said to commute with each other.

The Hilbert curve is a Lindenmayer system invented by Hilbert (1891) whose limit is a plane-filling function which fills a square. Traversing the polyhedron vertices of an ...