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Pythagoras's theorem states that the diagonal d of a square with sides of integral length s cannot be rational. Assume d/s is rational and equal to p/q where p and q are ...

Finding the height above the bottom of a horizontal cylinder (such as a cylindrical gas tank) to which the it must be filled for it to be one quarter full amounts to plugging ...

Given a straight segment of track of length l, add a small segment Deltal so that the track bows into a circular arc. Find the maximum displacement d of the bowed track. The ...

Somos defines a rational triangle as a triangle such that all three sides measured relative to each other are rational. Koblitz (1993) defined a congruent number as an ...

Pick two real numbers x and y at random in (0,1) with a uniform distribution. What is the probability P_(even) that [x/y], where [r] denotes the nearest integer function, is ...

Let P and U be points, neither of which lies on a sideline of DeltaABC, given in barycentric coordinates by P=p:q:r and U=u:v:w. The P-reciprocal conjugate of U is then the ...

The number of ways N(m,n) of finding a subrectangle with an m×n rectangle can be computed by counting the number of ways in which the upper right-hand corner can be selected ...

The reflection circle, a term coined here for the first time, is the circumcircle of the reflection triangle. It has center at Kimberling center X_(195), which is the ...

The regular hendecagon is the regular polygon with 11 sides, as illustrated above, and has Schläfli symbol {11}. The regular hendecagon cannot be constructed using the ...

The regular octagon is the regular polygon with eight sides, as illustrated above. The inradius r, circumradius R, and area A of the regular octagon can be computed directly ...