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The complementary subspace problem asks, in general, which closed subspaces of a Banach space are complemented (Johnson and Lindenstrauss 2001). Phillips (1940) proved that ...

A composite number n is a positive integer n>1 which is not prime (i.e., which has factors other than 1 and itself). The first few composite numbers (sometimes called ...

The term "continued fraction" is used to refer to a class of expressions of which generalized continued fraction of the form b_0+(a_1)/(b_1+(a_2)/(b_2+(a_3)/(b_3+...))) ...

A set in R^n which can be reduced to one of its points, say P, by a continuous deformation, is said to be contractible. The transformation is such that each point of the set ...

A contravariant tensor is a tensor having specific transformation properties (cf., a covariant tensor). To examine the transformation properties of a contravariant tensor, ...

The most common form of cosine integral is Ci(x) = -int_x^infty(costdt)/t (1) = gamma+lnx+int_0^x(cost-1)/tdt (2) = 1/2[Ei(ix)+Ei(-ix)] (3) = -1/2[E_1(ix)+E_1(-ix)], (4) ...

A general system of fourth-order curvilinear coordinates based on the cyclide in which Laplace's equation is separable (either simply separable or R-separable). Bôcher (1894) ...

Direct sums are defined for a number of different sorts of mathematical objects, including subspaces, matrices, modules, and groups. The matrix direct sum is defined by ...

There are several types of integrals which go under the name of a "Dirichlet integral." The integral D[u]=int_Omega|del u|^2dV (1) appears in Dirichlet's principle. The ...

The problem of finding the connection between a continuous function f on the boundary partialR of a region R with a harmonic function taking on the value f on partialR. In ...