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Cantor dust is a fractal that can be constructed using string rewriting beginning with a cell [0] and iterating the rules {0->[0 0 0; 0 0 0; 0 0 0],1->[1 0 1; 0 0 0; 1 0 1]}. ...

A theorem about (or providing an equivalent definition of) compact sets, originally due to Georg Cantor. Given a decreasing sequence of bounded nonempty closed sets C_1 ...

If r is the inradius of a circle inscribed in a right triangle with sides a and b and hypotenuse c, then r=1/2(a+b-c). (1) A Sangaku problem dated 1803 from the Gumma ...

A monoid that is commutative i.e., a monoid M such that for every two elements a and b in M, ab=ba. This means that commutative monoids are commutative, associative, and have ...

A connection game is a board game in which players compete to develop or complete a type of topological connection with their pieces. This could involve forming a path ...

A statistical distribution for which the variables may take on a continuous range of values. Abramowitz and Stegun (1972, p. 930) give a table of the parameters of most ...

A covering map (also called a covering or projection) is a surjective open map f:X->Y that is locally a homeomorphism, meaning that each point in X has a neighborhood that is ...

Given a weighted, undirected graph G=(V,E) and a graphical partition of V into two sets A and B, the cut of G with respect to A and B is defined as cut(A,B)=sum_(i in A,j in ...

The equation x^p=1, where solutions zeta_k=e^(2piik/p) are the roots of unity sometimes called de Moivre numbers. Gauss showed that the cyclotomic equation can be reduced to ...

The discrete Fourier transform of length N (where N is even) can be rewritten as the sum of two discrete Fourier transforms, each of length N/2. One is formed from the ...