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If A and B are commutative unit rings, and A is a subring of B, then A is called integrally closed in B if every element of B which is integral over A belongs to A; in other ...

An integrating factor is a function by which an ordinary differential equation can be multiplied in order to make it integrable. For example, a linear first-order ordinary ...

Integration under the integral sign is the use of the identity int_a^bdxint_(alpha_0)^alphaf(x,alpha)dalpha=int_(alpha_0)^alphadalphaint_a^bf(x,alpha)dx (1) to compute an ...

The intensity measure mu of a point process X relative to a Borel set B subset R^d is defined to be the expected number of points of X falling in B. Symbolically, ...

The sum I over all internal (circular) nodes of the paths from the root of an extended binary tree to each node. For example, in the tree above, the internal path length is ...

Let X be an infinite set of urelements, and let V(^*X) be an enlargement of the superstructure V(X). Let A,B in V(X) be finitary algebras with finitely many operations, and ...

In univariate interpolation, an interpolant is a function L=L(x) which agrees with a particular function f at a set of known points x_0,x_1,x_2,...,x_n and which is used to ...

An interprime is the average of consecutive (but not necessarily twin) odd primes. The first few terms are 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 26, 30, 34, ... (OEIS A024675). The first ...

Divide a set of data into two groups (high and low) of equal size at the statistical median if there is an even number of data points, or two groups consisting of points on ...

Given a distance-regular graph G with integers b_i,c_i,i=0,...,d such that for any two vertices x,y in G at distance i=d(x,y), there are exactly c_i neighbors of y in ...