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mu_i(epsilon), sometimes denoted P_i(epsilon), is the probability that element i is populated, normalized such that sum_(i=1)^Nmu_i(epsilon)=1.

Betting odds are written in the form r:s ("r to s") and correspond to the probability of winning P=s/(r+s). Therefore, given a probability P, the odds of winning are ...

rho_n(nu,x)=((1+nu-n)_n)/(sqrt(n!x^n))_1F_1(-n;1+nu-n;x), where (a)_n is a Pochhammer symbol and _1F_1(a;b;z) is a confluent hypergeometric function of the first kind.

j_n(z)=(z^n)/(2^(n+1)n!)int_0^picos(zcostheta)sin^(2n+1)thetadtheta, where j_n(z) is a spherical Bessel function of the first kind.

A polygon vertex x_i of a simple polygon P is a principal polygon vertex if the diagonal [x_(i-1),x_(i+1)] intersects the boundary of P only at x_(i-1) and x_(i+1).

The conjecture that all integers >1 occur as a value of the totient valence function (i.e., all integers >1 occur as multiplicities). The conjecture was proved by Ford ...

The function defined by T_n(x)=((-1)^(n-1))/(sqrt(n!))Z^((n-1))(x), where Z(x)=1/(sqrt(2pi))e^(-x^2/2) and Z^((k))(x) is the kth derivative of Z(x).

One of Cantor's ordinal numbers omega, omega+1, omega+2, ..., omega+omega, omega+omega+1, ... which is "larger" than any whole number.

A generalized hypergeometric function _pF_q[alpha_1,alpha_2,...,alpha_p; beta_1,beta_2,...,beta_q;z], is said to be k-balanced if sum_(i=1)^qbeta_i=k+sum_(i=1)^palpha_i.

The region lying between two concentric circles. The area of the annulus formed by two circles of radii a and b (with a>b) is A_(annulus)=pi(a^2-b^2). The annulus is ...