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N_phi(m) is the number of integers n for which the totient function phi(n)=m, also called the multiplicity of m (Guy 1994). Erdős (1958) proved that if a multiplicity occurs ...

The word multiplicity is a general term meaning "the number of values for which a given condition holds." For example, the term is used to refer to the value of the totient ...

The unsorted union of a list S is a list containing the same elements as S but with the second and subsequent occurrence of any given element removed. For example, the ...

alpha=1/Nsum_(i=1)^N|x_i-mu|=<|x_i-mu|>.

An m×1 matrix [a_(11); a_(21); |; a_(m1)].

An equilibrium point in game theory is a set of strategies {x^^_1,...,x^^_n} such that the ith payoff function K_i(x) is larger or equal for any other ith strategy, i.e., ...

The prime link 02-0201 which has Jones polynomial V(t)=-t-t^(-1) and HOMFLY polynomial P(z,alpha)=z^(-1)(alpha^(-1)-alpha^(-3))+zalpha^(-1). It has braid word sigma_1^2.

The ordinary differential equation y^('')+(1-|y|)y^'+y=0.

A 1×n matrix [a_(11) a_(12) ... a_(1n)].

B_(p+k)=B_k+B_(k+1) (mod p), when p is prime and B_n is a Bell number.