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Simpson's rule is a Newton-Cotes formula for approximating the integral of a function f using quadratic polynomials (i.e., parabolic arcs instead of the straight line ...

A theory is decidable iff there is an algorithm which can determine whether or not any sentence r is a member of the theory.

A power is an exponent to which a given quantity is raised. The expression x^a is therefore known as "x to the ath power." A number of powers of x are plotted above (cf. ...

A polynomial with three terms.

A prime number (or prime integer, often simply called a "prime" for short) is a positive integer p>1 that has no positive integer divisors other than 1 and p itself. More ...

The greatest common divisor, sometimes also called the highest common divisor (Hardy and Wright 1979, p. 20), of two positive integers a and b is the largest divisor common ...

A normal distribution in a variate X with mean mu and variance sigma^2 is a statistic distribution with probability density function ...

The self-intersection of a one-sided surface. The word "cross-cap" is sometimes also written without the hyphen as the single word "crosscap." The cross-cap can be thought of ...

The scalar form of Laplace's equation is the partial differential equation del ^2psi=0, (1) where del ^2 is the Laplacian. Note that the operator del ^2 is commonly written ...

A Mersenne number is a number of the form M_n=2^n-1, (1) where n is an integer. The Mersenne numbers consist of all 1s in base-2, and are therefore binary repunits. The first ...