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Let a closed interval [a,b] be partitioned by points a<x_1<x_2<...<x_(n-1)<b, where the lengths of the resulting intervals between the points are denoted Deltax_1, Deltax_2, ...

The nth roots of unity are roots e^(2piik/n) of the cyclotomic equation x^n=1, which are known as the de Moivre numbers. The notations zeta_k, epsilon_k, and epsilon_k, where ...

The S distribution is defined in terms of its distribution function F(x) as the solution to the initial value problem (dF)/(dx)=alpha(F^g-F^h), where F(x_0)=F_0 (Savageau ...

When computing the sample variance s numerically, the mean must be computed before s^2 can be determined. This requires storing the set of sample values. However, it is ...

There exists a positive integer s such that every sufficiently large integer is the sum of at most s primes. It follows that there exists a positive integer s_0>=s such that ...

A function f in C^infty(R^n) is called a Schwartz function if it goes to zero as |x|->infty faster than any inverse power of x, as do all its derivatives. That is, a function ...

The score function u(theta) is the partial derivativeof the log-likelihood function F(theta)=lnL(theta), where L(theta) is the standard likelihood function. Defining the ...

Half a circle. The area of a semicircle of radius r is given by A = int_0^rint_(-sqrt(r^2-x^2))^(sqrt(r^2-x^2))dxdy (1) = 2int_0^rsqrt(r^2-x^2)dx (2) = 1/2pir^2. (3) The ...

Serret's integral is given by int_0^1(ln(x+1))/(x^2+1)dx = 1/8piln2 (1) = 0.272198... (2) (OEIS A102886; Serret 1844; Gradshteyn and Ryzhik 2000, eqn. 4.291.8; Boros and Moll ...

A set S and a binary operator * are said to exhibit closure if applying the binary operator to two elements S returns a value which is itself a member of S. The closure of a ...