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A functional graph is a directed graph in which each vertex has outdegree one, and can therefore be specified by a function mapping {1,...,n} onto itself. Functional graphs ...

A function between categories which maps objects to objects and morphisms to morphisms. Functors exist in both covariant and contravariant types.

The curvature and torsion functions along a space curve determine it up to an orientation-preserving isometry.

The abscissas of the N-point Gaussian quadrature formula are precisely the roots of the orthogonal polynomial for the same interval and weighting function.

Two unit-speed plane curves which have the same curvature differ only by a Euclidean motion.

On a Riemannian manifold, there is a unique connection which is torsion-free and compatible with the metric. This connection is called the Levi-Civita connection.

Let t be an infinite word over a finite alphabet Sigma. Then there exists a uniformly recurrent infinite word r such that Sub(r) subset= Sub(t), where Sub(w) is the set of ...

A game which permits a draw ("tie") when played properly by both players. Tic-tac-toe, for example, is a futile game.

The G-transform of a function f(x) is defined by the integral (Gf)(x)=(G_(pq)^(mn)|(a_p); (b_q)|f(t))(x) (1) =1/(2pii)int_sigmaGamma[(b_m)+s, 1-(a_n)-s; (a_p^(n+1))+s, ...

A set S is said to be GCD-closed if GCD(x_i,x_j) in S for 1<=i,j<=n.