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The area of a surface or lamina is the amount of material needed to "cover" it completely. The area of a surface or collection of surfaces bounding a solid is called, not ...

Kobon Fujimura asked for the largest number N(n) of nonoverlapping triangles that can be constructed using n lines (Gardner 1983, p. 170). A Kobon triangle is therefore ...

Long multiplication is the method of multiplication that is commonly taught to elementary school students throughout the world. It can be used on two numbers of arbitrarily ...

The set R union {infty}, obtained by adjoining one improper element to the set R of real numbers, is the set of projectively extended real numbers. Although notation is not ...

A right triangle is triangle with an angle of 90 degrees (pi/2 radians). The sides a, b, and c of such a triangle satisfy the Pythagorean theorem a^2+b^2=c^2, (1) where the ...

The sinc function sinc(x), also called the "sampling function," is a function that arises frequently in signal processing and the theory of Fourier transforms. The full name ...

The centroid is center of mass of a two-dimensional planar lamina or a three-dimensional solid. The mass of a lamina with surface density function sigma(x,y) is ...

In general, an arrangement of objects is simply a grouping of them. The number of "arrangements" of n items is given either by a combination (order is ignored) or permutation ...

A binary operation f(x,y) is an operation that applies to two quantities or expressions x and y. A binary operation on a nonempty set A is a map f:A×A->A such that 1. f is ...

The simplest dissection of a square into rectangles of the same areas but different shapes, composed of the seven pieces illustrated above. The square is 210 units on a side, ...