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A prime factor is a factor that is prime, i.e., one that cannot itself be factored. In general, a prime factorization takes the form ...

The adjective "affine" indicates everything that is related to the geometry of affine spaces. A coordinate system for the n-dimensional affine space R^n is determined by any ...

Let {a_i}_(i=0)^(N-1) be a periodic sequence, then the autocorrelation of the sequence, sometimes called the periodic autocorrelation (Zwillinger 1995, p. 223), is the ...

A Banach space is a complete vector space B with a norm ||·||. Two norms ||·||_((1)) and ||·||_((2)) are called equivalent if they give the same topology, which is equivalent ...

There are several types of integrals which go under the name of a "Dirichlet integral." The integral D[u]=int_Omega|del u|^2dV (1) appears in Dirichlet's principle. The ...

A set of positive integers is double-free if, for any integer x, the set {x,2x} !subset= S (or equivalently, x in S implies 2x not in S). For example, of the subsets of ...

There are two sorts of transforms known as the fractional Fourier transform. The linear fractional Fourier transform is a discrete Fourier transform in which the exponent is ...

The logistic equation (sometimes called the Verhulst model or logistic growth curve) is a model of population growth first published by Pierre Verhulst (1845, 1847). The ...

The geodesic on an oblate spheroid can be computed analytically, although the resulting expression is much more unwieldy than for a simple sphere. A spheroid with equatorial ...

Let p_n be the nth prime, then the primorial (which is the analog of the usual factorial for prime numbers) is defined by p_n#=product_(k=1)^np_k. (1) The values of p_n# for ...