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A Wilson prime is a prime satisfying W(p)=0 (mod p), where W(p) is the Wilson quotient, or equivalently, (p-1)!=-1 (mod p^2). The first few Wilson primes are 5, 13, and 563 ...

sum_(n=0)^(infty)[(q)_infty-(q)_n] = g(q)+(q)_inftysum_(k=1)^(infty)(q^k)/(1-q^k) (1) = g(q)+(q)_inftyL(q) (2) = g(q)+(q)_infty(psi_q(1)+ln(1-q))/(lnq) (3) = ...

The circumcircle is a triangle's circumscribed circle, i.e., the unique circle that passes through each of the triangle's three vertices. The center O of the circumcircle is ...

The Hurwitz zeta function zeta(s,a) is a generalization of the Riemann zeta function zeta(s) that is also known as the generalized zeta function. It is classically defined by ...

An irrational number is a number that cannot be expressed as a fraction p/q for any integers p and q. Irrational numbers have decimal expansions that neither terminate nor ...

A strong pseudoprime to a base a is an odd composite number n with n-1=d·2^s (for d odd) for which either a^d=1 (mod n) (1) or a^(d·2^r)=-1 (mod n) (2) for some r=0, 1, ..., ...

The hundred-dollar, hundred-digits challenge problems are a set of ten problems in numerical analysis published in the January/February 2002 issue of SIAM News ...

The Newton-Cotes formulas are an extremely useful and straightforward family of numerical integration techniques. To integrate a function f(x) over some interval [a,b], ...

A quadratic equation is a second-order polynomial equation in a single variable x ax^2+bx+c=0, (1) with a!=0. Because it is a second-order polynomial equation, the ...

A random number is a number chosen as if by chance from some specified distribution such that selection of a large set of these numbers reproduces the underlying ...