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A Boolean algebra is a mathematical structure that is similar to a Boolean ring, but that is defined using the meet and join operators instead of the usual addition and ...

A point lattice is a regularly spaced array of points. In the plane, point lattices can be constructed having unit cells in the shape of a square, rectangle, hexagon, etc. ...

An abstract vector space of dimension n over a field k is the set of all formal expressions a_1v_1+a_2v_2+...+a_nv_n, (1) where {v_1,v_2,...,v_n} is a given set of n objects ...

The Akhmim wooden tablet, often called the Cairo wooden tablet, is a document dating to 2000 BC, near the beginning of the Egyptian Middle Kingdom. It is housed in the Egypt ...

Let {a_i}_(i=0)^(N-1) be a periodic sequence, then the autocorrelation of the sequence, sometimes called the periodic autocorrelation (Zwillinger 1995, p. 223), is the ...

A category consists of three things: a collection of objects, for each pair of objects a collection of morphisms (sometimes call "arrows") from one to another, and a binary ...

A moment mu_n of a univariate probability density function P(x) taken about the mean mu=mu_1^', mu_n = <(x-<x>)^n> (1) = int(x-mu)^nP(x)dx, (2) where <X> denotes the ...

The probability P(a,n) that n random arcs of angular size a cover the circumference of a circle completely (for a circle with unit circumference) is ...

Let A denote an R-algebra, so that A is a vector space over R and A×A->A (1) (x,y)|->x·y. (2) Now define Z={x in A:x·y=0 for some y in A!=0}, (3) where 0 in Z. An Associative ...

Differential evolution is a stochastic parallel direct search evolution strategy optimization method that is fairly fast and reasonably robust. Differential evolution is ...