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Saalschütz's theorem is the generalized hypergeometric function identity _3F_2[a,b,-n; c,1+a+b-c-n;1]=((c-a)_n(c-b)_n)/((c)_n(c-a-b)_n) (1) which holds for n a nonnegative ...

Fermat's 4n+1 theorem, sometimes called Fermat's two-square theorem or simply "Fermat's theorem," states that a prime number p can be represented in an essentially unique ...

Let T be a tree defined on a metric over a set of paths such that the distance between paths p and q is 1/n, where n is the number of nodes shared by p and q. Let A be a ...

Count the number of lattice points N(r) inside the boundary of a circle of radius r with center at the origin. The exact solution is given by the sum N(r) = ...

Given n circles and a perimeter p, the total area of the convex hull is A_(Convex Hull)=2sqrt(3)(n-1)+p(1-1/2sqrt(3))+pi(sqrt(3)-1). Furthermore, the actual area equals this ...

Let n-1=FR where F is the factored part of a number F=p_1^(a_1)...p_r^(a_r), (1) where (R,F)=1, and R<sqrt(n). Pocklington's theorem, also known as the Pocklington-Lehmer ...

The Chebotarev density theorem is a complicated theorem in algebraic number theory which yields an asymptotic formula for the density of prime ideals of a number field K that ...

A theorem which states that the analytic and topological "indices" are equal for any elliptic differential operator on an n-dimensional compact smooth C^infty boundaryless ...

Let a_n>=0 and suppose sum_(n=1)^inftya_ne^(-an)∼1/a as a->0^+. Then sum_(n<=x)a_n∼x as x->infty. This theorem is a step in the proof of the prime number theorem, but has ...

If two projective pencils of curves of orders n and n^' have no common curve, the locus of the intersections of corresponding curves of the two is a curve of order n+n^' ...