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The trefoil knot 3_1, also called the threefoil knot or overhand knot, is the unique prime knot with three crossings. It is a (3, 2)-torus knot and has braid word sigma_1^3. ...

The pure equation x^p=C of prime degree p is irreducible over a field when C is a number of the field but not the pth power of an element of the field. Jeffreys and Jeffreys ...

The characteristic equation is the equation which is solved to find a matrix's eigenvalues, also called the characteristic polynomial. For a general k×k matrix A, the ...

Let {a_n} be a nonnegative sequence and f(x) a nonnegative integrable function. Define A_n=sum_(k=1)^na_k (1) and F(x)=int_0^xf(t)dt (2) and take p>1. For sums, ...

Home plate in the game of baseball is an irregular pentagon with two parallel sides, each perpendicular to a base. It seems reasonable to dub such a figure (i.e., a rectangle ...

A quotient of two polynomials P(z) and Q(z), R(z)=(P(z))/(Q(z)), is called a rational function, or sometimes a rational polynomial function. More generally, if P and Q are ...

The hypothesis that an integer n is prime iff it satisfies the condition that 2^n-2 is divisible by n. Dickson (2005, p. 91) stated that Leibniz believe to have proved that ...

The smallest positive composite number and the first even perfect square. Four is the smallest even number appearing in a Pythagorean triple: 3, 4, 5. In the numerology of ...

If a complex function is analytic at all finite points of the complex plane C, then it is said to be entire, sometimes also called "integral" (Knopp 1996, p. 112). Any ...

The so-called explicit formula psi(x)=x-sum_(rho)(x^rho)/rho-ln(2pi)-1/2ln(1-x^(-2)) gives an explicit relation between prime numbers and Riemann zeta function zeros for x>1 ...