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The nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function correspond to the eigenvalues of some Hermitian operator (Derbyshire 2004, pp. 277-278).

If f:[a,b]->[a,b] (where [a,b] denotes the closed interval from a to b on the real line) satisfies a Lipschitz condition with constant K, i.e., if |f(x)-f(y)|<=K|x-y| for all ...

Let M be a Riemannian manifold, and let the topological metric on M be defined by letting the distance between two points be the infimum of the lengths of curves joining the ...

The solid cut from a horizontal cylinder of length L and radius R by a single plane oriented parallel to the cylinder's axis of symmetry (i.e., a portion of a horizontal ...

Horowitz reduction is used in indefinite integration to reduce a rational function into polynomial and logarithmic parts. The polynomial part is then trivially integrated, ...

As Lagrange showed, any irrational number alpha has an infinity of rational approximations p/q which satisfy |alpha-p/q|<1/(sqrt(5)q^2). (1) Furthermore, if there are no ...

Radial line segments whose inward-pointing end produce the illusion of a circle or other figure. The apparent figure has the same color as the background, but appears ...

The "complete" gamma function Gamma(a) can be generalized to the incomplete gamma function Gamma(a,x) such that Gamma(a)=Gamma(a,0). This "upper" incomplete gamma function is ...

An independent variable is a variable whose values don't depend on changes in other variables. This is in contrast to the definition of dependent variable. As with dependent ...

A real-valued univariate function f=f(x) is said to have an infinite discontinuity at a point x_0 in its domain provided that either (or both) of the lower or upper limits of ...