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The "natural exponential function" is the name sometimes given in elementary contexts to the function f(x)=e^x, where e =2.718... is the base of the natural logarithm. While ...

The Pappus spiral is the name given to the conical spiral with parametric equations x(t) = asin(alphat)cost (1) y(t) = asin(alphat)sint (2) x(t) = acos(alphat) (3) by ...

The involute of a parabola x = at^2 (1) y = at (2) is given by x_i = -(atsinh^(-1)(2t))/(2sqrt(4t^2+1)) (3) y_i = a(1/2t-(sinh^(-1)(2t))/(4sqrt(4t^2+1))). (4) Defining ...

The symbol +/- is used to denote a quantity which should be both added and subtracted, as in a+/-b. The symbol can be used to denote a range of uncertainty, or to denote a ...

A Pythagorean triangle is a right triangle with integer side lengths (i.e., whose side lengths (a,b,c) form a Pythagorean triple). A Pythagorean triangle with GCD(a,b,c)=1 is ...

A congruence of the form ax^2+bx+c=0 (mod m), (1) where a, b, and c are integers. A general quadratic congruence can be reduced to the congruence x^2=q (mod p) (2) and can be ...

A quadratic recurrence is a recurrence equation on a sequence of numbers {x_n} expressing x_n as a second-degree polynomial in x_k with k<n. For example, x_n=x_(n-1)x_(n-2) ...

The space of currents arising from rectifiable sets by integrating a differential form is called the space of two-dimensional rectifiable currents. For C a closed bounded ...

Consider the plane figure obtained by drawing each diagonal in a regular polygon. If each point of intersection is associated with a node and diagonals are split ar each ...

A set of integers that give the orders of the blocks in a Jordan canonical form, with those integers corresponding to submatrices containing the same latent root bracketed ...