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The winding number W(theta) of a map f(theta) with initial value theta is defined by W(theta)=lim_(n->infty)(f^n(theta)-theta)/n, which represents the average increase in the ...

The south pole is the point on a sphere with minimum z-coordinate for a given coordinate system. For a rotating sphere like the Earth, the natural coordinate system is ...

A generic word for a very large number. The term has no well-defined mathematical meaning. Conway and Guy (1996) define the nth zillion as 10^(3n+3) in the American system ...

A cubic spline is a spline constructed of piecewise third-order polynomials which pass through a set of m control points. The second derivative of each polynomial is commonly ...

An abstract machine is a model of a computer system (considered either as hardware or software) constructed to allow a detailed and precise analysis of how the computer ...

Maxwell's equations are the system of partial differential equations describing classical electromagnetism and therefore of central importance in physics. In the so-called ...

The multiplicad is a simple example of an idea like the ruliad. It consists of a rulial multiway system based on the positive integers in which the rules simply multiply by ...

The Burridge-Knopoff model is a system of differential equations used to model earthquakes using n points on a straight line, each of mass m, that interact with each other ...

A number of fractal curves are associated with Peano. The Peano curve is the fractal curve illustrated above which can be written as a Lindenmayer system. The nth iteration ...

The direct limit, also called a colimit, of a family of R-modules is the dual notion of an inverse limit and is characterized by the following mapping property. For a ...