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Many authors (e.g., Mendelson 1963; Pervin 1964) use the term arcwise-connected as a synonym for pathwise-connected. Other authors (e.g., Armstrong 1983; Cullen 1968; and ...

The area of a surface or lamina is the amount of material needed to "cover" it completely. The area of a surface or collection of surfaces bounding a solid is called, not ...

The area moment of inertia is a property of a two-dimensional plane shape which characterizes its deflection under loading. It is also known as the second moment of area or ...

The arf invariant is a link invariant that always has the value 0 or 1. A knot has Arf invariant 0 if the knot is "pass equivalent" to the unknot and 1 if it is pass ...

A paradox mentioned in the Greek work Mechanica, dubiously attributed to Aristotle. Consider the above diagram depicting a wheel consisting of two concentric circles of ...

An arithmetic series is the sum of a sequence {a_k}, k=1, 2, ..., in which each term is computed from the previous one by adding (or subtracting) a constant d. Therefore, for ...

A classic arithmetical problem probably first posed by Euclid and investigated by various authors in the Middle Ages. The problem is formulated as a dialogue between the two ...

A recursive primality certificate for a prime p. The certificate consists of a list of 1. A point on an elliptic curve C y^2=x^3+g_2x+g_3 (mod p) for some numbers g_2 and ...

An atlas is a collection of consistent coordinate charts on a manifold, where "consistent" most commonly means that the transition functions of the charts are smooth. As the ...

Let {a_i}_(i=0)^(N-1) be a periodic sequence, then the autocorrelation of the sequence, sometimes called the periodic autocorrelation (Zwillinger 1995, p. 223), is the ...