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Given binomial coefficient (N; k), write N-k+i=a_ib_i, for 1<=i<=k, where b_i contains only those prime factors >k. Then the number of i for which b_i=1 (i.e., for which all ...

In continuum theory, a dendrite is a locally connected continuum that contains no simple closed curve. A semicircle is therefore a dendrite, while a triangle is not. The term ...

The Descartes snarks are a set of snarks on 210 vertices and 315 edges discovered by William Tutte in 1948 writing under the pseudonym Blanche Descartes (Descartes 1948; ...

7 7 6 6 3 1; 6 5 4 2 ; 3 3 ; 2 A descending plane partition of order n is a two-dimensional array (possibly empty) of positive integers less than or equal to n such that the ...

The study of designs and, in particular, necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a block design.

A Turing machine is called deterministic if there is always at most one instruction associated with a given present internal state/tape state pair (q,s). Otherwise, it is ...

The term diamond is another word for a rhombus. The term is also used to denote a square tilted at a 45 degrees angle. The diamond shape is a special case of the superellipse ...

A polynomial Z_G(q,v) in two variables for abstract graphs. A graph with one graph vertex has Z=q. Adding a graph vertex not attached by any graph edges multiplies the Z by ...

A difference-differential equation is a two-variable equation consisting of a coupled ordinary differential equation and recurrence equation. In older literature, the term ...

An algorithm which allows digits of a given number to be calculated without requiring the computation of earlier digits. The BBP formula for pi is the best-known such ...