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The inverse tangent is the multivalued function tan^(-1)z (Zwillinger 1995, p. 465), also denoted arctanz (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972, p. 79; Harris and Stocker 1998, p. 311; ...

Origami is the Japanese art of paper folding. In traditional origami, constructions are done using a single sheet of colored paper that is often, though not always, square. ...

RSA numbers are difficult to-factor composite numbers having exactly two prime factors (i.e., so-called semiprimes) that were listed in the Factoring Challenge of RSA ...

The signed Stirling numbers of the first kind are variously denoted s(n,m) (Riordan 1980, Roman 1984), S_n^((m)) (Fort 1948, Abramowitz and Stegun 1972), S_n^m (Jordan 1950). ...

A normal distribution in a variate X with mean mu and variance sigma^2 is a statistic distribution with probability density function ...

A unit-distance graph is a distance graph having an embedding in the Euclidean plane (unit-distance embedding) in which vertices are distinct points and all edges are of ...

A magic square is a square array of numbers consisting of the distinct positive integers 1, 2, ..., n^2 arranged such that the sum of the n numbers in any horizontal, ...

A Pythagorean triple is a triple of positive integers a, b, and c such that a right triangle exists with legs a,b and hypotenuse c. By the Pythagorean theorem, this is ...

A connected graph G is distance-regular if for any vertices x and y of G and any integers i,j=0, 1, ...d (where d is the graph diameter), the number of vertices at distance i ...

A graph G is distance transitive if its automorphism group is transitive on pairs of vertices at each pairwise distance in the graph. Distance-transitivity is a ...