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Given two functions f and g analytic in A with gamma a simple loop homotopic to a point in A, if |g(z)|<|f(z)| for all z on gamma, then f and f+g have the same number of ...

There exists a positive integer s such that every sufficiently large integer is the sum of at most s primes. It follows that there exists a positive integer s_0>=s such that ...

Simpson's paradox, also known as the amalgamation paradox, reversal paradox, or Yule-Simpson effect, is a paradox in which a statistical trend appears to be present when data ...

A mechanical device consisting of a sliding portion and a fixed case, each marked with logarithmic axes. By lining up the ticks, it is possible to do multiplication by taking ...

In nonstandard analysis, the limitation to first-order analysis can be avoided by using a construction known as a superstructure. Superstructures are constructed in the ...

In the tabu search category of meta-heuristics, the essential idea is to 'forbid' search moves to points already visited in the (usually discrete) search space, at least for ...

Universality is the property of being able to perform different tasks with the same underlying construction just by being programmed in a different way. Universal systems are ...

A totally ordered set (A,<=) is said to be well ordered (or have a well-founded order) iff every nonempty subset of A has a least element (Ciesielski 1997, p. 38; Moore 1982, ...

A base-b BBP-type formula is a convergent series formula of the type alpha=sum_(k=0)^infty(p(k))/(b^kq(k)) (1) where p(k) and q(k) are integer polynomials in k (Bailey 2000; ...

The beta function B(p,q) is the name used by Legendre and Whittaker and Watson (1990) for the beta integral (also called the Eulerian integral of the first kind). It is ...