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A random number is a number chosen as if by chance from some specified distribution such that selection of a large set of these numbers reproduces the underlying ...

A random variable is a measurable function from a probability space (S,S,P) into a measurable space (S^',S^') known as the state space (Doob 1996). Papoulis (1984, p. 88) ...

A method for fitting a curve (not necessarily a straight line) through a set of points using some goodness-of-fit criterion. The most common type of regression is linear ...

A rhombohedron is a parallelepiped bounded by six rhombi such that opposite faces are congruent. A rhombohedron having all six rhombic faces congruent is known as a trigonal ...

The consideration of the result of a numerical calculation as a function of an adjustable parameter (usually the step size). The function can then be fitted and evaluated at ...

By a suitable rearrangement of terms, a conditionally convergent series may be made to converge to any desired value, or to diverge. For example, S = 1-1/2+1/3-1/4+1/5+... ...

A right angle is an angle equal to half the angle from one end of a line segment to the other. A right angle is pi/2 radians or 90 degrees. A triangle containing a right ...

Given a map f:S->T between sets S and T, the map g:T->S is called a right inverse to f provided that f degreesg=id_T, that is, composing f with g from the right gives the ...

For a set of n numbers or values of a discrete distribution x_i, ..., x_n, the root-mean-square (abbreviated "RMS" and sometimes called the quadratic mean), is the square ...

A rotor is a convex figure that can be rotated inside a polygon (or polyhedron) while always touching every side (or face). The least area rotor in a square is the Reuleaux ...