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The complexity c_n of an integer n is the least number of 1s needed to represent it using only additions, multiplications, and parentheses. For example, the numbers 1 through ...

The function intx gives the integer part of x. In many computer languages, the function is denoted int(x). It is related to the floor and ceiling functions |_x_| and [x] by ...

A general integral transform is defined by g(alpha)=int_a^bf(t)K(alpha,t)dt, where K(alpha,t) is called the integral kernel of the transform.

Integration by parts is a technique for performing indefinite integration intudv or definite integration int_a^budv by expanding the differential of a product of functions ...

In general, the internal similitude center of two circles C_1=C(x_1,r_1) and C_2=C(x_2,r_2) with centers given in Cartesian coordinates is given by ...

The computation of points or values between ones that are known or tabulated using the surrounding points or values. In particular, given a univariate function f=f(x), ...

A graph G=(V,E) is an interval graph if it captures the intersection relation for some set of intervals on the real line. Formally, P is an interval graph provided that one ...

In statistical mechanics, the two-dimensional Ising model is a popular tool used to study the dipole moments of magnetic spins. The Ising model in two dimensions is a type of ...

The first and second isodynamic points of a triangle DeltaABC can be constructed by drawing the triangle's angle bisectors and exterior angle bisectors. Each pair of ...

A tensor which has the same components in all rotated coordinate systems. All rank-0 tensors (scalars) are isotropic, but no rank-1 tensors (vectors) are. The unique rank-2 ...