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Let A be an n×n matrix over a field F. Using the three elementary row and column operations over elements in the field, the n×n matrix xI-A with entries from the principal ...

Given a square n×n nonsingular integer matrix A, there exists an n×n unimodular matrix U and an n×n matrix H (known as the Hermite normal form of A) such that AU=H. ...

A quadratic form Q(z) is said to be positive definite if Q(z)>0 for z!=0. A real quadratic form in n variables is positive definite iff its canonical form is ...

The index I associated to a symmetric, non-degenerate, and bilinear g over a finite-dimensional vector space V is a nonnegative integer defined by I=max_(W in S)(dimW) where ...

The binary quadratic form F=<a,b,c> is said to be reduced if the following conditions hold. Let D=b^2-4ac be the discriminant, then 1. If D is negative, F is reduced if ...

The determinant of a binary quadratic form Au^2+2Buv+Cv^2 is defined as D=AC-B^2. It is equal to 1/4 of the corresponding binary quadratic form discriminant. Unfortunately, ...

The discriminant of a binary quadratic form au^2+buv+cv^2 is defined by d=4ac-b^2. It is equal to four times the corresponding binary quadratic form determinant. ...

A Tschirnhausen transformation can be used to algebraically transform a general quintic equation to the form z^5+c_1z+c_0=0. (1) In practice, the general quintic is first ...

A clear-cut way of describing every object in a class in a one-to-one manner.

A one-dimensional geometric object such as a pencil or line segment range.