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The bicommutant theorem is a theorem within the field of functional analysis regarding certain topological properties of function algebras. The theorem says that, given a ...

An infinitesimal transformation of a vector r is given by r^'=(I+e)r, (1) where the matrix e is infinitesimal and I is the identity matrix. (Note that the infinitesimal ...

A Kähler metric is a Riemannian metric g on a complex manifold which gives M a Kähler structure, i.e., it is a Kähler manifold with a Kähler form. However, the term "Kähler ...

A set S and a binary operator * are said to exhibit closure if applying the binary operator to two elements S returns a value which is itself a member of S. The closure of a ...

Andrica's conjecture states that, for p_n the nth prime number, the inequality A_n=sqrt(p_(n+1))-sqrt(p_n)<1 holds, where the discrete function A_n is plotted above. The ...

A method for solving an equation by approximating continuous quantities as a set of quantities at discrete points, often regularly spaced into a so-called grid or mesh. ...

Let the difference of successive primes be defined by d_n=p_(n+1)-p_n, and d_n^k by d_n^k={d_n for k=1; |d_(n+1)^(k-1)-d_n^(k-1)| for k>1. (1) N. L. Gilbreath claimed that ...

The Gini coefficient (or Gini ratio) G is a summary statistic of the Lorenz curve and a measure of inequality in a population. The Gini coefficient is most easily calculated ...

The computation of points or values between ones that are known or tabulated using the surrounding points or values. In particular, given a univariate function f=f(x), ...

The procedure used in subtraction to "borrow" 10 from the next higher digit column in order to obtain a positive difference in the column in question.