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In algebra, a period is a number that can be written an integral of an algebraic function over an algebraic domain. More specifically, a period is a real number ...

A biplanar graph is defined as a graph that is the graph union of two planar edge-induced subgraphs. In other words, biplanar graphs are graphs with graph thickness 1 or 2 ...

Covariance provides a measure of the strength of the correlation between two or more sets of random variates. The covariance for two random variates X and Y, each with sample ...

Form a sequence from an alphabet of letters [1,n] such that there are no consecutive letters and no alternating subsequences of length greater than d. Then the sequence is a ...

Let c and d!=c be real numbers (usually taken as c=1 and d=0). The Dirichlet function is defined by D(x)={c for x rational; d for x irrational (1) and is discontinuous ...

Bezdek and Kuperberg (1991) have constructed packings of identical ellipsoids of densities arbitrarily close to ((24sqrt(2)-6sqrt(3)-2pi)pi)/(72)=0.753355... (OEIS A093824), ...

A board covered by a lattice of pegs around which one can span rubber bands to form segments and polygons. It was invented by the Egyptian mathematician and pedagogist Caleb ...

The plane figure formed by a sequence of circles C_1, C_2, C_3, ... that are all tangent to each other at the same point and such that the sequence of radii converges to ...

Let (a)_i and (b)_i be sequences of complex numbers such that b_j!=b_k for j!=k, and let the lower triangular matrices F=(f)_(nk) and G=(g)_(nk) be defined as ...

Every position of every impartial game has a nim-value, making it equivalent to a nim-heap. To find the nim-value (also called the Sprague-Grundy number), take the mex of the ...