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An abundant number for which all proper divisors are deficient is called a primitive abundant number (Guy 1994, p. 46). The first few odd primitive abundant numbers are 945, ...

A pseudoperfect number for which none of its proper divisors are pseudoperfect (Guy 1994, p. 46). The first few are 6, 20, 28, 88, 104, 272, ... (OEIS A006036). Primitive ...

Almost all processes that are not obviously simple can be viewed as computations of equivalent sophistication (Wolfram 2002, pp. 5 and 716-717). More specifically, the ...

The term "product" refers to the result of one or more multiplications. For example, the mathematical statement a×b=c would be read "a times b equals c," where a is called ...

Pythagoras's theorem states that the diagonal d of a square with sides of integral length s cannot be rational. Assume d/s is rational and equal to p/q where p and q are ...

The quadratic class number constant is a constant related to the average behavior of class numbers of real quadratic fields. It is given by Q = product_(p)[1-1/(p^2(p+1))] ...

Let sigma(m) be the divisor function of m. Then two numbers m and n are a quasiamicable pair if sigma(m)=sigma(n)=m+n+1. The first few are (48, 75), (140, 195), (1050, 1925), ...

A quasiperfect number, called a "slightly excessive number" by Singh (1997), is a "least" abundant number, i.e., one such that sigma(n)=2n+1. Quasiperfect numbers are ...

A generalization of simple majority voting in which a list of quotas {q_0,...,q_n} specifies, according to the number of votes, how many votes an alternative needs to win ...

The Racah W-coefficients, sometimes simply called the Racah coefficients (Shore and Menzel 1968, p. 279), are quantities introduced by Racah (1942) that are related to the ...