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The Sally sequence gives the sequence of lengths of the repetitions which are avoided in the Linus sequence. The first few terms are 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 1, 3, 2, 1, 6, 3, 2, ...

In order for a band-limited (i.e., one with a zero power spectrum for frequencies nu>B) baseband (nu>0) signal to be reconstructed fully, it must be sampled at a rate nu>=2B. ...

The set of "critical values" of a map u:R^n->R^n of map class C^1 has Lebesgue measure 0 in R^n.

A linkage which converts circular to linear motion using a hinged square.

Deciding whether a given Boolean formula in conjunctive normal form has an assignment that makes the formula "true." In 1971, Cook showed that the problem is NP-complete.

A low-pass filter which is useful for smoothing data.

The partial differential equation u_t+45u^2u_x+15u_xu_(xx)+15uu_(xxx)+u_(xxxxx)=0.

A scalar is a one-component quantity that is invariant under rotations of the coordinate system.

A map f:R^n|->R which assigns each x a scalar function f(x).

A function f(x_1,...,x_n) of one or more variables whose range is one-dimensional, as compared to a vector function, whose range is three-dimensional (or, in general, ...