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An error in a statistical test which occurs when a false hypothesis is accepted (a false positive in terms of the null hypothesis).

A one-sided (singly infinite) Z-Transform, Z[{a_n}_(n=0)^infty](z)=sum_(n=0)^infty(a_n)/(z^n). This is the most common variety of Z-transform since it is essentially ...

A universal sentence is a sentence (i.e., formula of the predicate calculus without free variables) whose variables are universally quantified.

v=(dr)/(dt), (1) where r is the radius vector and d/dt is the derivative with respect to time. Expressed in terms of the arc length, v=(ds)/(dt)T^^, (2) where T^^ is the unit ...

An operator relating the asymptotic state of a dynamical system governed by the Schrödinger equation ihd/(dt)psi(t)=Hpsi(t) to its original asymptotic state.

A zero function is a function that is almost everywhere zero. The function sometimes known as "the zero function" is the constant function with constant c=0, i.e., f(x)=0 ...

The constant a_(-1) in the Laurent series f(z)=sum_(n=-infty)^inftya_n(z-z_0)^n (1) of f(z) about a point z_0 is called the residue of f(z). If f is analytic at z_0, its ...

A cubic spline is a spline constructed of piecewise third-order polynomials which pass through a set of m control points. The second derivative of each polynomial is commonly ...

The divided difference f[x_0,x_1,x_2,...,x_n], sometimes also denoted [x_0,x_1,x_2,...,x_n] (Abramowitz and Stegun 1972), on n+1 points x_0, x_1, ..., x_n of a function f(x) ...

In the most commonly used convention (e.g., Apostol 1967, pp. 202-204), the first fundamental theorem of calculus, also termed "the fundamental theorem, part I" (e.g., Sisson ...