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Given two additive groups (or rings, or modules, or vector spaces) A and B, the map f:A-->B such that f(a)=0 for all a in A is called the zero map. It is a homomorphism in ...

Any square matrix T has a canonical form without any need to extend the field of its coefficients. For instance, if the entries of T are rational numbers, then so are the ...

There are several different definitions of the term "unital" used throughout various branches of mathematics. In geometric combinatorics, a block design of the form (q^3+1, ...

There are two kinds of power sums commonly considered. The first is the sum of pth powers of a set of n variables x_k, S_p(x_1,...,x_n)=sum_(k=1)^nx_k^p, (1) and the second ...

The Radon transform is an integral transform whose inverse is used to reconstruct images from medical CT scans. A technique for using Radon transforms to reconstruct a map of ...

There are several commonly used methods of defining the slippery, but extremely important, concept of a continuous function (which, depending on context, may also be called a ...

A covariant tensor, denoted with a lowered index (e.g., a_mu) is a tensor having specific transformation properties. In general, these transformation properties differ from ...

The generalized Gell-Mann matrices are the n^2-1 matrices generating the Lie algebra associated to the special unitary group SU(n), n>=2. As their name suggests, these ...

The identity matrix is a the simplest nontrivial diagonal matrix, defined such that I(X)=X (1) for all vectors X. An identity matrix may be denoted 1, I, E (the latter being ...

The variable phi (also denoted am(u,k)) used in elliptic functions and elliptic integrals is called the amplitude (or Jacobi amplitude). It can be defined by phi = am(u,k) ...