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The Lovász number theta(G) of a graph G, sometimes also called the theta function of G, was introduced by Lovász (1979) with the explicit goal of estimating the Shannon ...

Any two ranges {ABC...} and {A^'B^'C^'...} which are situated on the same or different lines are said to be homographic when the cross ratio of any four points on one range ...

A Greek cross rotated by 45 degrees, also called the crux decussata, illustrated schematically above in polyomino form. The multiplication sign × is based on Saint Andrew's ...

Let a set of vertices A in a connected graph G be called convex if for every two vertices x,y in A, the vertex set of every (x,y) graph geodesic lies completely in A. Also ...

The maximal independence polynomial I_G(x) for the graph G may be defined as the polynomial I_G(x)=sum_(k=i(G))^(alpha(G))s_kx^k, where i(G) is the lower independence number, ...

The maximal irredundance polynomial R_G(x) for the graph G may be defined as the polynomial R_G(x)=sum_(k=ir(G))^(IR(G))r_kx^k, where ir(G) is the (lower) irredundance ...

The maximal matching-generating polynomial M_G(x) for the graph G may be defined as the polynomial M_G(x)=sum_(k=nu_L(G))^(nu(G))m_kx^k, where nu_L(G) is the lower matching ...

The unique 8_3 configuration. It is transitive and self-dual, but cannot be realized in the real projective plane. Its Levi graph is the Möbius-Kantor graph.

An edge coloring of a graph G is a coloring of the edges of G such that adjacent edges (or the edges bounding different regions) receive different colors. An edge coloring ...

The all-pairs shortest path problem is the determination of the shortest graph distances between every pair of vertices in a given graph. The problem can be solved using n ...