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The bipartite double graph, also called the Kronecker cover, Kronecker double cover, bipartite double cover, canonical double cover, or bipartite double, of a given graph G ...

The closed graph theorem states that a linear operator between two Banach spaces X and Y is continuous iff it has a closed graph, where the "graph" {(x,f(x)):x in X} is ...

An inner product is a generalization of the dot product. In a vector space, it is a way to multiply vectors together, with the result of this multiplication being a scalar. ...

Given n metric spaces X_1,X_2,...,X_n, with metrics g_1,g_2,...,g_n respectively, the product metric g_1×g_2×...×g_n is a metric on the Cartesian product X_1×X_2×...×X_n ...

The dot product can be defined for two vectors X and Y by X·Y=|X||Y|costheta, (1) where theta is the angle between the vectors and |X| is the norm. It follows immediately ...

Let AB and CD be dyads. Their colon product is defined by AB:CD=C·AB·D=(A·C)(B·D).

The L^2-inner product of two real functions f and g on a measure space X with respect to the measure mu is given by <f,g>_(L^2)=int_Xfgdmu, sometimes also called the bracket ...

The topology on the Cartesian product X×Y of two topological spaces whose open sets are the unions of subsets A×B, where A and B are open subsets of X and Y, respectively. ...

The set of graph eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix is called the spectrum of the graph. (But note that in physics, the eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix of a graph are ...

The Hadamard product is a representation for the Riemann zeta function zeta(s) as a product over its nontrivial zeros rho, ...