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In the plane, the reflection property can be stated as three theorems (Ogilvy 1990, pp. 73-77): 1. The locus of the center of a variable circle, tangent to a fixed circle and ...

n-dimensional Euclidean space.

The general bivariate quadratic curve can be written ax^2+2bxy+cy^2+2dx+2fy+g=0. (1) Define the following quantities: Delta = |a b d; b c f; d f g| (2) J = |a b; b c| (3) I = ...

Algebraic geometry is the study of geometries that come from algebra, in particular, from rings. In classical algebraic geometry, the algebra is the ring of polynomials, and ...

An algebraic variety is a generalization to n dimensions of algebraic curves. More technically, an algebraic variety is a reduced scheme of finite type over a field K. An ...

The Cartesian product of two sets A and B (also called the product set, set direct product, or cross product) is defined to be the set of all points (a,b) where a in A and b ...

A compact manifold is a manifold that is compact as a topological space. Examples are the circle (the only one-dimensional compact manifold) and the n-dimensional sphere and ...

A complete set of mutually conjugate group elements. Each element in a group belongs to exactly one class, and the identity element (I=1) is always in its own class. The ...

First-passage percolation is a time-dependent generalization of discrete Bernoulli percolation in which each graph edge e of Z^d is assigned a nonnegative random variable ...

The graph strong product, also known as the graph AND product or graph normal product, is a graph product variously denoted G□AdjustmentBox[x, BoxMargins -> {{-0.65, ...