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The term Euclidean refers to everything that can historically or logically be referred to Euclid's monumental treatise The Thirteen Books of the Elements, written around the ...

The gnomonic projection is a nonconformal map projection obtained by projecting points P_1 (or P_2) on the surface of sphere from a sphere's center O to point P in a plane ...

The genus gamma(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of handles that must be added to the plane to embed the graph without any crossings. A graph with genus 0 is embeddable ...

Green's theorem is a vector identity which is equivalent to the curl theorem in the plane. Over a region D in the plane with boundary partialD, Green's theorem states ...

The Hadwiger-Nelson problem asks for the chromatic number of the plane, i.e., the minimum number of colors needed to color the plane if no two points at unit distance one ...

The Hankel functions of the first kind are defined as H_n^((1))(z)=J_n(z)+iY_n(z), (1) where J_n(z) is a Bessel function of the first kind and Y_n(z) is a Bessel function of ...

A tiling consisting of a rhombus such that 17 rhombuses fit around a point and a second tile in the shape of six rhombuses stuck together. These two tiles can fill the plane ...

The latitude of a point on a sphere is the elevation of the point from the plane of the equator. The latitude delta is related to the colatitude (the polar angle in spherical ...

Find the plane lamina of least area A which is capable of covering any plane figure of unit generalized diameter. A unit circle is too small, but a hexagon circumscribed on ...

A lune is a plane figure bounded by two circular arcs of unequal radii, i.e., a crescent. (By contrast, a plane figure bounded by two circular arcs of equal radius is known ...