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Let a random n×n (0,1)-matrix have entries which are 1 (with probability p) or 0 (with probability q=1-p). An s-cluster is an isolated group of s adjacent (i.e., horizontally ...

van der Waerden's theorem is a theorem about the existence of arithmetic progressions in sets. The theorem can be stated in four equivalent forms. 1. If N=C_1 union C_2 union ...

von Neumann-Bernays-Gödel set theory (abbreviated "NBG") is a version of set theory which was designed to give the same results as Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory, but in a more ...

Given a Hilbert space H, a *-subalgebra A of B(H) is said to be a von Neumann algebra in H provided that A is equal to its bicommutant A^('') (Dixmier 1981). Here, B(H) ...

The von Staudt-Clausen theorem, sometimes also known as the Staudt-Clausen theorem (Carlitz 1968), states that B_(2n)=A_n-sum_(p_k; (p_k-1)|2n)1/(p_k), (1) where B_(2n) is a ...

An xyz embedding, also called an "xyz drawing," is a three-dimensional embedding such that every axis-parallel line contains either zero or two vertices. Such an embedding is ...

Any two rectilinear figures with equal area can be dissected into a finite number of pieces to form each other. This is the Wallace-Bolyai-Gerwien theorem. For minimal ...

The Doyle graph, sometimes also known as the Holt graph (Marušič et al. 2005), is the quartic symmetric graph on 27 nodes illustrated above in several embeddings. It is ...

Informally, an elliptic curve is a type of cubic curve whose solutions are confined to a region of space that is topologically equivalent to a torus. The Weierstrass elliptic ...

The four-color theorem states that any map in a plane can be colored using four-colors in such a way that regions sharing a common boundary (other than a single point) do not ...