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The azimuthal angle is an angle measured from the x-axis in the xy-plane in spherical coordinates, denoted theta in this work.

An equirectangular projection is a cylindrical equidistant projection, also called a rectangular projection, plane chart, plate carre, or unprojected map, in which the ...

An authalic latitude given by phi_g=tan^(-1)[(1-e^2)tanphi]. (1) The series expansion is phi_g=phi-e_2sin(2phi)+1/2e_2^2sin(4phi)+1/3e_2^3sin(6phi)+..., (2) where ...

The central point (r=0) in polar coordinates, or the point with all zero coordinates (0, ..., 0) in Cartesian coordinates. In three dimensions, the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis ...

One of the four regions of the plane defined by the four possible combinations of signs (+,+), (+,-), (-,+), and (-,-) for (x,y).

Coordinates useful for plotting projective three-dimensional curves of the form f(x_0,x_1,x_2,x_3)=0 which are defined by x_0 = 1-z-sqrt(2)x (1) x_1 = 1-z+sqrt(2)x (2) x_2 = ...

The zenith angle is an angle measured from the z-axis in spherical coordinates, denoted phi in this work. It is also known as the polar angle and colatitude.

The vertical axis of a two-dimensional plot in Cartesian coordinates. Physicists and astronomers sometimes call this axis the ordinate, although that term is more commonly ...

By the definition of the functions of trigonometry, the sine of pi is equal to the y-coordinate of the point with polar coordinates (r,theta)=(1,pi), giving sinpi=0. ...

By the definition of the functions of trigonometry, the sine of pi/2 is equal to the y-coordinate of the point with polar coordinates (r,theta)=(1,pi/2), giving sin(pi/2)=1. ...