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Probability is the branch of mathematics that studies the possible outcomes of given events together with the outcomes' relative likelihoods and distributions. In common ...

A quartic graph is a graph which is 4-regular. The unique quartic graph on five nodes is the complete graph K_5, and the unique quartic graph on six nodes is the octahedral ...

The Ramsey number R(m,n) gives the solution to the party problem, which asks the minimum number of guests R(m,n) that must be invited so that at least m will know each other ...

A positive integer n is called a base-b Rhonda number if the product of the base-b digits of n is equal to b times the sum of n's prime factors. These numbers were named by ...

A semiprime, also called a 2-almost prime, biprime (Conway et al. 2008), or pq-number, is a composite number that is the product of two (possibly equal) primes. The first few ...

Separation of variables is a method of solving ordinary and partial differential equations. For an ordinary differential equation (dy)/(dx)=g(x)f(y), (1) where f(y)is nonzero ...

The Skewes number (or first Skewes number) is the number Sk_1 above which pi(n)<li(n) must fail (assuming that the Riemann hypothesis is true), where pi(n) is the prime ...

Given three noncollinear points, construct three tangent circles such that one is centered at each point and the circles are pairwise tangent to one another. Then there exist ...

The nth taxicab number Ta(n) is the smallest number representable in n ways as a sum of positive cubes. The numbers derive their name from the Hardy-Ramanujan number Ta(2) = ...

The tribonacci numbers are a generalization of the Fibonacci numbers defined by T_1=1, T_2=1, T_3=2, and the recurrence equation T_n=T_(n-1)+T_(n-2)+T_(n-3) (1) for n>=4 ...