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An element a of a ring which is nonzero, not a unit, and whose only divisors are the trivial ones (i.e., the units and the products ua, where u is a unit). Equivalently, an ...

Isomorphism is a very general concept that appears in several areas of mathematics. The word derives from the Greek iso, meaning "equal," and morphosis, meaning "to form" or ...

Let f(x) be a real entire function of the form f(x)=sum_(k=0)^inftygamma_k(x^k)/(k!), (1) where the gamma_ks are positive and satisfy Turán's inequalities ...

Given a function of the form y=a+blnx, (1) the coefficients can be found from least squares fitting as b = ...

Given a function of the form y=Ax^B, (1) least squares fitting gives the coefficients as b = ...

Also known as the first fundamental form, ds^2=g_(ab)dx^adx^b. In the principal axis frame for three dimensions, ds^2=g_(11)(dx^1)^2+g_(22)(dx^2)^2+g_(33)(dx^3)^2. At ...

Two or more functions, equations, or vectors f_1, f_2, ..., which are not linearly dependent, i.e., cannot be expressed in the form a_1f_1+a_2f_2+...+a_nf_n=0 with a_1, a_2, ...

Let K be a field of field characteristic 0 (e.g., the rationals Q) and let {u_n} be a sequence of elements of K which satisfies a difference equation of the form ...

Polynomials s_n(x) which form the Sheffer sequence for f^(-1)(t)=1+t-e^t, (1) where f^(-1)(t) is the inverse function of f(t), and have generating function ...

The term metric signature refers to the signature of a metric tensor g=g_(ij) on a smooth manifold M, a tool which quantifies the numbers of positive, zero, and negative ...