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A quotient-difference table is a triangular array of numbers constructed by drawing a sequence of n numbers in a horizontal row and placing a 1 above each. An additional "1" ...

The Riemann theta function is a complex function of g complex variables that occurs in the construction of quasi-periodic solutions of various equations in mathematical ...

Rule 28 is one of the elementary cellular automaton rules introduced by Stephen Wolfram in 1983 (Wolfram 1983, 2002). It specifies the next color in a cell, depending on its ...

A method of numerically integrating ordinary differential equations by using a trial step at the midpoint of an interval to cancel out lower-order error terms. The ...

If a matrix A has a matrix of eigenvectors P that is not invertible (for example, the matrix [1 1; 0 1] has the noninvertible system of eigenvectors [1 0; 0 0]), then A does ...

The Spearman rank correlation coefficient, also known as Spearman's rho, is a nonparametric (distribution-free) rank statistic proposed by Spearman in 1904 as a measure of ...

A piecewise polynomial function that can have a locally very simple form, yet at the same time be globally flexible and smooth. Splines are very useful for modeling arbitrary ...

One or both of the square bracket symbols [ and ] are used in many different contexts in mathematics. 1. Square brackets are occasionally used in especially complex ...

A well-known nursery rhyme states, "As I was going to St. Ives, I met a man with seven wives. Every wife had seven sacks, every sack had seven cats, every cat had seven ...

The median of a statistical distribution with distribution function D(x) is the value x such D(x)=1/2. For a symmetric distribution, it is therefore equal to the mean. Given ...