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Trigonometric functions of npi/9 radians for n an integer not divisible by 3 (e.g., 40 degrees and 80 degrees) cannot be expressed in terms of sums, products, and finite root ...

A Trott constant is a real number whose decimal digits are equal to the terms of its continued fraction. The first Trott constant (OEIS A039662) was discovered by M. Trott in ...

de Rham's function is the function defined by the functional equations phi_alpha(1/2x) = alphaphi_alpha(x) (1) phi_alpha(1/2(x+1)) = alpha+(1-alpha)phi_alpha(x) (2) (Trott ...

The Diffie-Hellman protocol is a method for two computer users to generate a shared private key with which they can then exchange information across an insecure channel. Let ...

The Fibonacci numbers are the sequence of numbers {F_n}_(n=1)^infty defined by the linear recurrence equation F_n=F_(n-1)+F_(n-2) (1) with F_1=F_2=1. As a result of the ...

Discrete mathematics is the branch of mathematics dealing with objects that can assume only distinct, separated values. The term "discrete mathematics" is therefore used in ...

Let A(n) denote the number of partitions of n into parts =2,5,11 (mod 12), let B(n) denote the number of partitions of n into distinct parts =2,4,5 (mod 6), and let C(n) ...

The objective of global optimization is to find the globally best solution of (possibly nonlinear) models, in the (possible or known) presence of multiple local optima. ...

Game theory is a branch of mathematics that deals with the analysis of games (i.e., situations involving parties with conflicting interests). In addition to the mathematical ...

A number of the form n^...^_()_(n)n, where Knuth up-arrow notation has been used. The first few Ackermann numbers are 1^1=1, 2^^2=4, and ...