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Let (A,<=) and (B,<=) be disjoint totally ordered sets with order types alpha and beta. Then the ordinal sum is defined at set (C=A union B,<=) where, if c_1 and c_2 are both ...

Let alpha and beta be any ordinal numbers, then ordinal exponentiation is defined so that if beta=0 then alpha^beta=1. If beta is not a limit ordinal, then choose gamma such ...

Let (A,<=) and (B,<=) be totally ordered sets. Let C=A×B be the Cartesian product and define order as follows. For any a_1,a_2 in A and b_1,b_2 in B, 1. If a_1<a_2, then ...

To solve the system of differential equations (dx)/(dt)=Ax(t)+p(t), (1) where A is a matrix and x and p are vectors, first consider the homogeneous case with p=0. The ...

Ore algebra is an algebra of noncommutative polynomials representing linear operators for functional equations such as linear differential or difference equations. Ore ...

Define the harmonic mean of the divisors of n H(n)=(sigma_0(n))/(sum_(d|n)1/d), where sigma_0(n) is the divisor function (the number of divisors of n). For n=1, 2, ..., the ...

If a graph G has n graph vertices such that every pair of the n graph vertices which are not joined by a graph edge has a sum of valences which is >=n, then G is Hamiltonian. ...

An oriented graph is a directed graph having no symmetric pair of directed edges. A complete oriented graph is called a tournament. The numbers of oriented graphs on n=1, 2, ...

An oriented knot is an oriented link of one component, or equivalently, it is a knot which has been given an orientation. Given an oriented knot K, reversing the orientation ...

A lattice L is said to be oriented if there exists a rule which assigns a specified direction to any edge connecting arbitrary lattice points x_i,x_j in L. In that way, an ...