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Given a number field K, a Galois extension field L, and prime ideals p of K and P of L unramified over p, there exists a unique element sigma=((L/K),P) of the Galois group ...

A number n is called a barrier of a number-theoretic function f(m) if, for all m<n, m+f(m)<=n. Neither the totient function phi(n) nor the divisor function sigma(n) has a ...

k_nu(x)=(e^(-x))/(Gamma(1+1/2nu))U(-1/2nu,0,2x) for x>0, where U is a confluent hypergeometric function of the second kind.

A two-sided (doubly infinite) Z-Transform, Z^((2))[{a_n}_(n=-infty)^infty](z)=sum_(n=-infty)^infty(a_n)/(z^n) (Zwillinger 1996; Krantz 1999, p. 214). The bilateral transform ...

Let p_n/q_n be the sequence of convergents of the continued fraction of a number alpha. Then a Brjuno number is an irrational number such that ...

The only known classically known algebraic curve of curve genus g>1 that has an explicit parametrization (x(t),y(t)) in terms of standard special functions (Burnside 1893, ...

Given a group G, the algebra CG is a vector space CG={suma_ig_i|a_i in C,g_i in G} of finite sums of elements of G, with multiplication defined by g·h=gh, the group ...

The Euclidean plane parametrized by coordinates, so that each point is located based on its position with respect to two perpendicular lines, called coordinate axes. They are ...

Let O be an order of an imaginary quadratic field. The class equation of O is the equation H_O=0, where H_O is the extension field minimal polynomial of j(O) over Q, with ...

There are several equivalent definitions of a closed set. Let S be a subset of a metric space. A set S is closed if 1. The complement of S is an open set, 2. S is its own set ...